231a62c7-f2fb-4e7b-b805-4ce06f4f61db European Environment Agency Kongens Nytorv 6 Copenhagen K 1050 Denmark sdi@eea.europa.eu pointOfContact 2025-10-09T10:40:52.552497Z ISO 19115/19139 1.0 EPSG:3035 Combined effects of land-based pressures on marine species and habitats in Europe's seas, Jun. 2020 2019-10-01 creation 2020-06-16 publication 01.00 eea_r_3035_10_km_land-based-pressures_p_2011-2016_v01_r00 The dataset presents the potential combined effects of land-based pressures on marine species and habitats estimated using the method for assessment of cumulative effects, for the entire suite of pressures and a selected set of marine species groups and habitats by an index (Halpern et al. 2008). The spatial assessment of combined effects of multiple pressures informs of the risks of human activities on the marine ecosystem health. The methodology builds on the spatial layers of pressures and ecosystem components and on an estimate of ecosystem sensitivity through an expert questionnaire. The raster dataset consists of a division of the Europe's seas in 10km and 100 km grid cells, which values represents the combined effects index values for pressures caused by land-based human activities. The relative values indicate areas where the pressures potentially affect the marine ecosystem. This dataset underpins the findings and cartographic representations published in the report "Marine Messages" (EEA, 2020). European Environment Agency Kongens Nytorv 6 Copenhagen K 1050 Denmark sdi@eea.europa.eu http://www.eea.europa.eu WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link European Environment Agency public website pointOfContact European Environment Agency Kongens Nytorv 6 Copenhagen K 1050 Denmark sdi@eea.europa.eu custodian https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/public/catalogue-graphic-overview/231a62c7-f2fb-4e7b-b805-4ce06f4f61db.png Oceanographic geographical features GEMET - INSPIRE themes, version 1.0 2008-06-01 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.httpinspireeceuropaeutheme-theme combination effect pressure marine environment sea water GEMET 2021-11-30 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.gemet Ionian Sea Adriatic Sea Mediterranean Sea, Eastern Basin North Sea Baltic Sea Iceland Sea Norwegian Sea Aegean Sea Tyrrhenian Sea English Channel North Atlantic Ocean Mediterranean Sea, Western Basin Mediterranean Sea Celtic Sea Bay of Biscay Barents Sea Black Sea Continents, countries, sea regions of the world. 2015-07-17 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.external.place.regions European Spatial scope 2019-05-22 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.httpinspireeceuropaeumetadatacodelistSpatialScope-SpatialScope Biodiversity Chemicals Fisheries and aquaculture Pollution Sustainability challenges EEA topics 2020-09-24 publication geonetwork.thesaurus.external.theme.eea-topics /Métropole /Métropole/Manche mer du Nord /Métropole/Mers Celtiques /Métropole/Golfe de Gascogne /Métropole/Méditerranée occidentale Sous-regions marines geonetwork.thesaurus.local.place.dcsmm.area /Activités et Usages/Industrie et énergie Thématiques - SIMM geonetwork.thesaurus.local.theme.simm.thematiques /Activités et Usages/Transport maritime et Ports Thématiques - SIMM geonetwork.thesaurus.local.theme.simm.thematiques /Etat du Milieu/Habitats Thématiques - SIMM geonetwork.thesaurus.local.theme.simm.thematiques /Etat du Milieu/Pollutions Thématiques - SIMM geonetwork.thesaurus.local.theme.simm.thematiques /Données dérivées/Indicateurs Type de jeux de donnée - ODATIS geonetwork.thesaurus.local.theme.type_jeux_donnee no limitations to public access License CC-BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Copyright holder: European Environment Agency (EEA). 7ce1666b-fcdc-4cf3-91f0-96b58ad14e99 grid 10 100 environment -82.39 92.79 19.20 84.89 2011-01-01 2016-12-31 GeoTIFF https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/webdav/datastore/public/eea_r_3035_10_km_land-based-pressures_p_2011-2016_v01_r00/ EEA:FOLDERPATH https://sdi.eea.europa.eu/data/231a62c7-f2fb-4e7b-b805-4ce06f4f61db WWW:URL Direct download https://water.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/rest/services/Marine/Combined_effects_land_based_pressures/MapServer ESRI:REST https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/figures/combined-effects-of-land-based WWW:LINK-1.0-http--link EEA website - graphic Combined effects of land-based pressures on species and habitat in Europe's seas https://water.discomap.eea.europa.eu/arcgis/services/Marine/Combined_effects_land_based_pressures/MapServer/WMSServer?request=GetCapabilities&service=WMS OGC:WMS Commission Regulation (EU) No 1089/2010 of 23 November 2010 implementing Directive 2007/2/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards interoperability of spatial data sets and services 2010-12-08 publication See the referenced specification The dataset has been created using the Cumulative Effect Assessment (CEA). For technical details see: Andersen, J. H. & Stock, A. (eds.). 2013. Human Uses, Pressures and Impacts in the Eastern North Sea. Technical Report, Danish Centre for Environment and Energy, Aarhus University, Roskilde, 134.